N.C.E.R.T. Simplified

 

1. Article 1 (Defines India in terms of territory) 2. Article 2 (Enables admission/creation of new states into India) 3. Article 3 (Formation of new states and alteration of names, boundaries, and areas of existing states) 4. 1st Schedule (Lists States and UTs and their extents) 5. Article 368 (Constitutional amendments) 6. 9th Constitutional Amendment Act (1960) (Transfer of Indian territory to foreign powers) Q. Is constitutional amendment required for ceding Indian territory to a foreign power?  What about settlement of boundary disputes? A. Yes . Constitutional amendment is required. Refer Berubari Union  case, wherein SC held that the power of Parliament to diminish area of a state, under Article 3, does NOT cover cession of Indian territory to a foreign power. This SC ruling along with the consequent 9th Amendment Act (1960) requires constitutional amendment under Article 368.  HOWEVER,   SC also ruled, in 1969,   that settlement of boundary dispute between India and another

Q. What did the people at the roadside stand plead for? Why? A. The villagers running the roadside stand plead to the passerby from cities to stop for a moment, and buy the goods which are sold at the roadside stands. The villagers are fed up of their pathetic lifestyles and cash crunched stuation. Hence they plead to the city dwellers to buy some of their goods so that the villagers can improve their standards of living. Q. What do greedy good doers do for the village people? What is the consequence for their help? A.  The “greedy good  doers” i.e. the crooked politicians, who run the government,  meet all promises to the village folk. They assure them of a comfortable lifestyle and cunningly instill a fake sense of relief in the minds of the poor villagers.  This is the only good that they do for the village people. The politicians do so much “good” only to lure the rural population into voting for them. By doing so, the politicians mislead the villagers,  who reduce

Q. What are the contrasting images that Kamala Das has presented in the poem? A.  The first contrast in the poem is when there is sadness, depression and anxiety inside the car while there is cheerfulness and happiness outside the car. The second contrast is that the children Kamala sees, were playing merrily, with a sureity that the'll return home to their parent's protection. Kamala, on the other hand, is anxious whether she'll see her mother again. The third contrast is shown at the airport. Kamla's facial expression and her feelings present this contrast. On the outside she smiles and seems happy and excited bt inside she is anxious, sad and in a dillema.  Q.What does 'Trees Sprinting' and ' Merry children spilling out of their homes' symbolise? A.  The  'Trees Sprinting' and ' Merry children spilling out of their homes' symbolises youth and vigour. Q. What 'familiar aches' does the poet talk about? A. The 'fa

Q RTC "More Gringoire indeed!Mere Gringoire! What the old watch who lives at the top of the hill, and who says she is bedridden because she is too lazy to do any work? And what did Mere Gringoire want with the money?" i) Identify the speaker. Why is she in a foul mood? A. Persome is the speaker. She is in a foul mood because her brother, the Bishop has sold a salt cellar to help Mere Gringoire. ii) What light do the above lines reflect on the character of the speaker? A. Persome was quite insensitive towards the poor. She had a more practical approach to things, unlike her brother, the Bishop. iii) Why does the speaker call Mere Gringoire an 'old witch'? A. Persome out of rage, calls Mere Gringoire an old witch because she thinks that the old lady pretends to be bedridden but, actually is very lazy to do any work. Q. What effect did the inhuman treatment in the jail have on the convict? A. The inhuman treatment in jail converted

Q. RTC " While you were upstairs, I have been thinking a lot about your papa and mamma. You see I am really unselfish and then the rooms for your sister's children." i) How has the speaker's attitude changed in these lines? A.i)  The speaker Gaston, is pretending to be very caring towards and fond of his in-laws. His attitude here is very selfless, concerned and gentle towards his in-laws. ii) What is the reason behind this change? A.ii)  Gaston has changed his behaviour as he has sealed the deal with Mrs. Al Smith to sell her the house for three hundred thousand. But for the deal to come true, Gaston must first buy the house to sell it. Thus he changes his attitude to persuade his wife and buy the villa. iii) What does the above statement reveal about the person's character? A.iii)  The above statement reveals that Gaston is a shrewd, double-faced and business minded person. He can change colours whenever he needs to. Q. Why did Juliette put up the